本文中,小编为大家分享下初中英语语法知识中疑问词+不定式动词部分知识的总结,希望对大家有所帮助。
英语有个很有用的结构,就是:疑问词+不定式动词(question word + to-infinitive)。
疑问词是疑问代词“who, whom, what, which, whose”和疑问副词“when, where, how, why ”。此外,连接词“whether”也适用。
“疑问词+不定式动词”结构有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五种:
1.当主语,如:
When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
Where to live is a problem.
How to cope with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussion topic.
2.当宾语,如:
We must know what to say at a meeting.
He could not tell whom to trust.
Do you know how to play bridge?
3.当补足语,如:
The problem is where to find the financial aid.
The question is who to elect.
4.当名词同位语,如:
Tom had no idea which book to read first.
Do you have a rough impression how to do it?
5.当宾语补足语,如:
Jim is not sure whose to choose.
Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not.
适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括:“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder, understand”等。
有点值得特别注意的是:当这结构当宾语时,它的作用等于名词分句,例如:
I could not decide which dictonary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher./ Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.
有些动词,如“ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach”等,可以先有个宾语,然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构。例如:
The chief technician showed the apprentice how to repair the machine.
Have you told him where to get the application form?
综上所述,可见“疑问词+不定式动词”结构是个形象清新,既容易用又不容易出错的特别结构,可以多多运用。同学们可关注机构江博教育官网,了解更多初中英语语法知识。
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